JAMES COOK

JAMES COOK (1728-1779)

Navigator and English explorer, He Hulton Deutsch

did twice the return to the world,

He traveled three times to the

Pacific Ocean and was first the

european that arrived, among others,

to the Hawaii islands.

.He visited Tahití, New Zealand,

Australia, the island of Vancouver, Alaska and the Hawaii islands count it died assassinated in a confrontation with the natives....

Cook, known popularly like Cook captain, was born in Marton, England, was son of a day laborer. It passed his youth like apprentice in a company/signature of shipping companies, until in 1755 it was enlisted in the Real Navy, where before four years became captain. Between 1756 and 1767 it mapped the coasts of the North Atlantic, to the height of Newfoundland and New Scotland and the river San Lorenzo, a little more under Québec. In 1768 like lieutenant of ship to the control of the ENDEAVOUR, it undertook first of his great South trips to the Pacifico, in which I transport, safe and sound, to a group of British astronomers by the Cape Horn towards just discovered island of Tahití, where they were going to study the transit of the Venus planet by the sun in the month of June of 1769. Later one went to New Zealand, and volume possession of the two greater islands and mapped the first map of 3860km. of the coastal coast. Although it did not have cronometro to determine the latitude accurately, the maps that made of the neozelandesa coast were so exact that they were continued using until century XIX.

Later it sailed around the two islands and by the Straits that separates them (present Straits of Cook)

in order to demonstrate that it did not comprise of a greater austral continent. 1770 one became first European which it disembarked in the Eastern coast of Australia (Botany Bay), that also it mapped and it protested for Great Britain with the name of the New Wales from the South To the landing place I thus call it by the great abundance of species of plants not known until then by the European, which were catalogued by the botanist of the expedition Joseph Banks. It later followed towards the north mapping approximately 3200 km of the coast, and being able the feat to sail between the coast and the Great Reef Barrier. Later it followed by the Straits of Towers until disembarking in Java, where 30 of their men because of disentería contracted in earth died. Later I sail by the Straits of Sonda, with which it demonstrated that Java and Sumatra were two independent islands.

To its return to England in 1771 Cook promoted captain. In 1772 to the control of the Resolution, and in company of the Adventure ship , it left for second from his great expeditions in search of the legendary austral continent. Terra Australis, of which one thought that Australia was single a part. The belief in a great austral continent came from old the Greeks, that thought that such mass of earth had to exist to balance the great continents of the North hemisphere. Cook inside in the South Pacifico until the ice of the Antártida, obtaining the 16 of January of 1773 to cross Antarctic Polar Circulo. In 1773 it arrived at islands that I call Hervey, but that later would be called Cook Islands.

In 1774 it drew up the map of New the Hébridas (present Vanuatu), the Islands Marquises and the Island of Passover, and one became first the European that I visit some island of the Pacific, between which one was New Caledonia and Niue. During the trip it crossed in three occasions I circulate polar Antarctic and was able to arrive until the 101 latitude 71º S, unexplored until then, finally it put prow to the east, it doubled the Cape Horn, it discovered the Islands Sandwich of the South and the Georgias of the South and, before returning to England, stopped in the bay of the Table.

In 1775 July member of the Royal Society and decorated with the Copley medal was named to the discoveries and the scientific expeditions. The great expedition that lasts three years, probo that any austral continent Asia did not exist as large as, single the great mass of ice of the Antarctica region.

Although Cook never disembarkation in the Antártida, can that realized by the rock presence in icebergs of which This trip had of having earth to the South was also memorable more by the good health that the crew enjoyed during the same one, due to the persistence of Cook in maintaining in its boat an appropriate hygiene and a correct diet, with which it was able to reduce the number of cases of escorbuto during the expedition.

In 1776 July, the English navigator tried to determine if a passage of the Northwest between the oceans Atlantic and Pacific to the north of the American continent existed. In the first part of the expedition he visited the Central Pacific again and he discovered some islands, of which at the beginning of 1778 he drew the maps. Sandwich, well-known was some of the islands nowadays like Hawaii. When it reached the coast of North America, to the height of which at the present time it is Oregon, attempt without success to find the assumption passage of the Northwest. In addition it mapped the western coast until Alaska, gift of I penetrate nowadays in which is the cove of Cook. Later it put prow to the North until the Straits of Bering, that crossed before the ice forced it to back down until the Icy. end Finally returned to the islands Sandwich, where died in the course of one reyerta with the islanders by the robbery of a boat.

ENDEAVOUR 1770 BOTANY BAHY
Banks is impressed with the place, is filling the cover of plants and más plants, I believe that it takes everything what ve. a happy wise person, discovers that does not know tanto and wonder. We have known habitantes of this region, congratula to see people tan me contents with its surroundings. The European seem happier that , all live in a society where seem equal and in where the Earth and mar provides all the things to them necessary to subsist. They are different in so many things a we. There are constructions of no no type and they do not understand that we take refuge in the boat. The crew does not watch with good eyes. Her skin to them has the color of her earth and his look reveals its intentions. Old van with youngest and by the nights sings and laughs next to the fire. We called Koori then to them therefore us they requested it when receiving to us. James secret Daily Cook-